Objective:
The goal of chess is to checkmate your opponent’s king. This means putting the king in a position where it is under attack and there is no way to escape capture.

Setup:
Place the board so each player has a white square on their right-hand side.

Set up the pieces as follows:

Each player has 16 pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two knights, two bishops, and eight pawns.

The pieces are arranged in two rows, with pawns in front and other pieces behind them.

Movement:

Pawn:
Moves forward but captures diagonally.
On its first move, a pawn can advance two squares.
Pawns promote to any other piece (except a king) upon reaching the eighth rank.

Rook:
Moves vertically or horizontally any number of squares.

Knight:
Moves in an “L” shape: two squares in one direction and one square perpendicular.
Knights can “jump” over other pieces.

Bishop:
Moves diagonally any number of squares.

Queen:
Combines the moves of the rook and bishop, moving vertically, horizontally, or diagonally any number of squares.

King:
Moves one square in any direction.
The king cannot move into check (a position where it is under immediate threat of capture).

Special Moves:

Castling:
A king and a rook on the same side that have not moved can castle.
The king moves two squares towards the rook, and the rook moves to the square next to the king.

En Passant:
If a pawn moves two squares forward from its starting position and lands beside an opponent’s pawn, the opponent has the option to capture it “en passant.”

Pawn Promotion:
When a pawn reaches the eighth rank, it promotes to any other piece (except a king).

Check and Checkmate:
Check: When a king is under immediate threat of capture.
Checkmate: When a king is in check, and there is no legal move to escape capture. The game ends.

Stalemate:
If a player has no legal moves and their king is not in check, the game is a draw due to stalemate.
Remember, each piece has its unique movement rules, and the key to chess is strategic thinking and planning your moves ahead.